Xiongnu crown from Aluchaideng with turquoise-headed eagle, Warring States Period 5th-3rd C. BCE
"According to the Book of Han, "the Xiongnu called Heaven (天) 'Chēnglí,' (撐犁) a Chinese transcription of Tengri. The oldest form of the name is recorded in Chinese annals, describing the beliefs of the Xiongnu."
-taken from wikipedia
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"6.10 Kings and Officers of the Xiongnu: The family name of the Chanyu was the Luandi clan; the people in his Kingdom called him Chengli Gutu Chanyu. Xiongnu's words for Heaven was Chengli, and son was Gutu, while Chanyu meant immense and vast; the meaning of which was, the Chanyu - being immense and vast was the Son of Heaven."
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-Hanshu Xiongnu Zhuan Volume 94 Number 64 A. The Western Regions, Xiongnu, and Han (from the Shiji, Hanshu, and Hou Hanshu) translated and annotated by Joseph P. Yap (page 289)
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| Xiongnu crown with turquoise-headed eagle, Warring States Period 5th-3rd C. BCE. The bird's head and tail are connected by gold wiring that allows them to move with the wearer. From Aluchaideng, Inner Mongolia. Inner Mongolian Regional Museum, Hohhot. |
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| Image from Rita Willaert's flickr. The Hun Museum. |
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| The organic cloth that was bound to the crown is gone, leaving this part to the imagination. |
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